Lumbar disc herniation

Lumbar disc herniation also known as a herniated spine, is characterised by the projection of the intervertebral disc, a structure located between the vertebrae of the spine, beyond its normal position, compressing the adjacent nerves.

Most common pathologies
in the lumbar spine and trunk

Symptoms

Symptoms can vary, depending on the location and degree of nerve compression. Common symptoms include back pain (depending on the region: cervical, dorsal or lumbar), pain radiating to the buttocks, legs or feet (sciatica), tingling, numbness, muscle weakness, difficulty in mobility and changes in sensitivity (again, the location of these symptoms will depend on the path of the nerve that is compressed).

Risk Factors

Ageing (degenerative disease); occupations/activities that require heavy lifting or repetitive movements of the spine; excess weight/obesity; smoking; a sedentary lifestyle and previous spinal injuries.

Protective Factors

Proper posture when sitting, lifting and carrying objects; regular physical exercise to strengthen the muscles of the spine and core; maintaining a healthy weight; and adopting healthy lifestyle habits, such as not smoking.

Treatment

It depends on the severity of the symptoms and the individual response to conservative treatment, which includes rest, applying hot or cold compresses to the affected area, the use of oral or injectable painkillers, physiotherapy to strengthen the muscles and improve posture, stretching exercises, acupuncture and relaxation techniques. In more serious cases or those that don't respond to these measures, a minimally invasive technique or surgery may be necessary.

Information: All the information contained here is merely a summary for a general understanding of the pathologies, highlighting their definition, symptoms, risk factors, protective measures and treatment options.

Consulting a specialised health professional is essential for an accurate diagnosis and an effective treatment plan.

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